| Proto-NWC | Proto-Abazgi | Abkhaz | Abaza | Ubykh | Proto-Circassian | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bzyb | Abzhywa | Tapant | ||||
| *p | *p | pʰ | pʰ | p | p | *p |
| *pː | *b | b | b | b | b | *pː |
| *b | *b | b | b | b | b | *b |
| *pʼ | *pʼ | pʼ | pʼ | pʼ | pʼ | *pʼ |
| *f | *f | f | f | f | f | *xʷ |
| *w | *w | w | w | w | w | *w |
| m | *m | m | m | m | m | *m |
| *pʲ | *p | p | p | p | tʷ | *t |
| *pːʲ | *b | b | b | b | (tʷ~dʷ) | *tː |
| *bʲ | *b | b | b | b | dʷ | *d |
| *pʼʲ | *pʼ | pʼ | pʼ | pʼ | tʼʷ | *tʼ |
| *pʷ | *p | p | p | p | f | *p |
| *bʷ | *f | f | f | f | f | *b |
| *pʷʲ | *tɕ | tʷ | – | |||
| *bʷʲ | *dʑ | dʷ | *d | |||
| *pʼʷʲ | *tɕʼ | tʼʷ | *tʼ | |||
| *pˤ | *p | p | p | p | vˤ | *p |
| *pːˤ | – | bˤ | *pː | |||
| *bˤ | *b | b | b | b | bˤ | *b |
| *pʼˤ | – | pʼˤ | *pʼ | |||
| *mˤ | *m | m | m | m | mˤ | *m |
| *t | *t | tʰ | tʰ | t | t | *t |
| *tː | *t | tʰ | tʰ | t | t | *tː |
| *d | *d | d | d | d | d | *d |
| *tʼ | *tʼ | tʼ | tʼ | tʼ | tʼ | *tʼ |
| *r | *r | r | r | r | d-,r~ʁ | *tː- ,*r |
| *n | *n | n | n | n | n | *n |
| *rʲ | *r | r | r | r | (dɮ >) ɮ | *dz |
| *tʷ | *tʷ | t͡pʰ | t͡pʰ | tʃʷ | tʷ | *t |
| *tʷː | *d~dʷ | d~d͜b | d~d͜b | d~dʒʷ | tʷ | *tː |
| *dʷ | *dʷ | d͜b | d͜b | dʒʷ | dʷ | *d |
| *tʼʷ | *tʼʷ | t͡pʼ | t͡pʼ | tʃʼʷ | tʼʷ | *tʼ |
| *tʷʲ | *tʷ | t͡pʰ | t͡pʰ | tʃʷ | – | *ts |
| *tʼʷʲ | *tʼʷ | t͡pʼ | t͡pʼ | tʃʼʷ | tʼʷ | *tsʼ |
| *ts | *ts | ts | ts | ts | ts | *ts~*s |
| *tsː | *ts | ts | ts | ts | ts | *tsː |
| *dz | *dz | dz | dz | dz | dz | *dz~*z |
| *tsʼ | *tsʼ | tsʼ | tsʼ | tsʼ | tsʼ | *tsʼ |
| *s | *s | s | s | s | s | *s |
| *z | *z | z | z | z | z | *z |
| *tsʲ | *tɕ | tɕ | ts | ts | tsʲ | *(s) |
| *tsːʲ | *tɕ ? *dʑ ? | dzʲ | dz(~z) | dz(~z) | ts | *tsː |
| *dzʲ | *dʑ | dzʲ | dz(~z) | dz(~z) | dzʲ | *dz~*z |
| *tsʼʲ | *tɕʼ | tsʼʲ | tsʼ | tsʼ | tsʼʲ | *tsʼ |
| *sʲ | *ɕ | sʲ | s | s | sʲ | *s |
| *zʲ | *ʑ | zʲ | z | z | dzʲ~zʲ | *z |
| *tsʷ | *tsʷ | t͆ʃ͆ | tʃʷ | tsʷ | *sʷ- | |
| *tsːʷ | *tsʷ | t͆s͆ | t͆ʃ͆ | tʃʰʷ | tsʷ | *tsʷː |
| *dzʷ | *dzʷ | d͆z͆ | d͆ʒ͆ | ʒʷ | — | *dzʷ |
| *tsʼʷ | *tsʼʷ | tʃʼʷ | tsʼʷ | *tsʼʷ | ||
| *sʷ | *sʷ | s͆ʲ | ʂ | ʃʷ | sʷ | *sʷ |
| *zʷ | *zʷ | z͆ʲ | ʐ | ʒʷ | dzʷ~zʷ | *zʷ |
| *tsʷʲ | (*tʃ) | — | *tsʲ | |||
| *dzʷʲ | *dʒ~*ʒ | dʒʲ | *dzʲ | |||
| *tsʼʷʲ | *tʃʼ | tʃʼʲ | *tsʼʲ | |||
| *sʷʲ | *ɕ | tʃʷ | *sʲ | |||
| *zʷʲ | *dʑ~ʑ | ʒʷ | *zʲ | |||
| *tʃ | *tɕ | tʃ | tʃ | tʃ | ts | *s |
| *dʒ | *dʑ | dz | *dz~*z | |||
| *tʃʼ | *tɕʼ | tsʼ | *tsʼʲ ? | |||
| *ʃ(~ʃː) | *ɕ | s | *s | |||
| *ʒ | *ʑ | z | *z | |||
| *tɕ | *ʈʂ | tɕ | tɕ | tɕ | tɕ | *tɕ |
| *tɕː | *dʑ(~*ʈʂ) | tɕ | *tɕː | |||
| *dʑ | *ɖʐ | dʑ | dʑ | dʑ | dʑ | *dʑ~*ʑ |
| *tɕʼ | *ʈʂʼ | tɕʼ | tɕʼ | tɕʼ | tɕʼ | *tɕʼ |
| *ɕ | *ʃ ? | ɕ | *ʃ | |||
| *ɕː | *ʃ | ɕ | *ʃː | |||
| *ʑ | *ʒ | ʑ | *ʒ | |||
| *j | *j | j | *j | |||
| *tʃʷ | *tʃ | tʃ | *tɕ | |||
| *tʃːʷ | *zʷ | tʃ | *tɕː | |||
| *dʒʷ | *dzʷ~zʷ | dʒ | *dʑ~*ʑ | |||
| *tʃʼʷ | *tʃʼ | tʃʼ | *tɕʼ | |||
| *ʃʷ | *sʷ | ʃ | *ʃ | |||
| *ʃʷː | *ʃ | ʃ | *ʃː | |||
| *ʒʷ | *zʲ ? | ʒ | *ʒ | |||
| *tɕʷ | *tʃ | tɕ | *tʃ | |||
| *tɕːʷ | *dʒ~*ʒ | tɕ | *tʃː | |||
| *tɕʼʷ | *tʃʼ | tɕʼ | *tʃʼ | |||
| *ɕʷ | *ʃʷ | ʃʷ | *sʲ | |||
| *ɕʷː | *ʃ | sʷ | *ʃː | |||
| *ʑʷ | *ʒʷ | ʒʷ | *zʲ | |||
| *tɬ | *ɬ > *x | ɕ | *tɕ | |||
| *tɬː | *ts | (sʲ) | *tɕː | |||
| *dɮ | *l | ɮ | *tħ | |||
| *tɬʼ | *x~*tsʼ | tsʼʲ | *tɕʼ | |||
| *ɬ | *– | sʲ | *ɕ | |||
| *ɬː | *x | sʲ | *ɕː | |||
| *l | *l | d-,Ø~j | *tħ-, *ɮ | |||
| *tɬʲ | *xʲ | ɕ | *tɕ | |||
| *dɮʲ | *ɣʲ | ʁ(~zʲ) | *ɣ | |||
| *tɬʼʲ | *ɕ | ɕ | ɕ | ɕ | tɬʼ | *tɬʼ |
| *ɬʲ (~ɬʼʲː) | *ɕ | ɕ | ɕ | ɕ | ɬ | *ɬ |
| *ɮʲ | *ʑ | ʑ | ʑ | ʑ | ɮ | *ɮ |
| *lʲ | *r-,*l~*ɣʲ | ɮ | *d- | |||
| *tɬʷ | *tsʷ | tsʷ | *tʃ | |||
| *tɬʷː | *tsʷ | tsʷ | *tʃː | |||
| *dɮʷ | *l | l | l | l | w | *ħ |
| *tɬʼʷ | *tsʼ~*tsʼʷ | tsʼ~tsʼʷ | *tʃʼ | |||
| *ɬʷ | *ʃ | sʷ | *x~*xʷ | |||
| *ɬʷː | *ʃ | s~sʷ | *ɕː | |||
| *tɬʷʲ | *tʃʷ | f | *x | |||
| *tɬːʷʲ | *ʒʷ | dʑ | *tɕː | |||
| *dɮʷʲ | *dʒʷ | dʒ | *ɮ | |||
| *tɬʼʷʲ | *tʃʼʷ | tsʼ | *tɕʼ | |||
| *ɬʷʲ (~ɬʷː) | *ʃ | ʃʷ | *x~*xʷ | |||
| *ɮʷʲ | *ʒ | ʒʷ | *ɣʲ | |||
| *k | *k | kʲ | *kʲ | |||
| *ɡ | *ɡ | ɡʲ | *ɡʲ | |||
| *kʼ | *kʼ | kʼʲ | *kʼʲ | |||
| *x | *x | ɕ | *x | |||
| *ɣ | *ɣ | ɣ~ʁ | *ɣ | |||
| *kʲ | *kʲ | – | *kʲ | |||
| *ɡʲ | *ɡʲ | – | *ɡʲ | |||
| *xʲ | *xʲ | sʲ | *ɕ | |||
| *ɣʲ | *ɣʲ | zʲ | *ʑ | |||
| *kʷ | *kʷ | kʷ | *kʷ | |||
| *kʷː | *ɡʷ | ɡʷ | *kʷː | |||
| *ɡʷ | *ɡʷ | ɡʷ | *ɡʷ | |||
| *kʼʷ | *kʼʷ | kʼʷ | *kʼʷ | |||
| *xʷ | *xʷ | x | *x~*xʷ | |||
| *ɡʲʷ | *ɡʷ | ɡʲ | *ɡʷ | |||
| *kʼʷʲ | *kʼʷ | kʼʲ | *kʼʷʲ | |||
| *xʷʲ | *sʷ | xʲ | *xʷ | |||
| *ɣʷʲ ? | *zʷ | ʁʲ | *ʁʷ | |||
| *q | (*ħ) | q | *q- | |||
| *qː | *q | q | *qː | |||
| *ɢ | *ɣ | ʁ | *ʁ | |||
| *qʼ | *qʼ | qʼ | *qː | |||
| *χ | *ħ | χ | *χ | |||
| *ʁ | *ʕ | ʁ | *ʁ | |||
| *qːʲ | *q | qʲ | *– | |||
| *ɢʲ | *ɣʲ | ʁʲ | *– | |||
| *qʼʲ | *qʼʲ | qʼʲ | *ʔ | |||
| *χʲ | *ħ | xʲ | *χʲ | |||
| *ʁʲ | *ʕ | ʁʲ | *ʁ | |||
| *qʷ | *ħʷ | qʷ | *qʷ-, *qʷː | |||
| *qʷː | *qʷ | qʷ | *qʷː | |||
| *ɢʷ | *ɣʷ | ʁʷ | *ʁʷ | |||
| *qʼʷ | *qʼʷ | qʼʷ | *qʷː | |||
| *χʷ | *ħʷ | χʷ | *χʷ | |||
| *ʁʷ | *ʕʷ/*ɥˤ | ʁʷ | *ʁʷ | |||
| *qʷʲ | *ħ~*ħʷ | xʲ | *qʷ- | |||
| *qːʷʲ | qʲ | *qʷː | ||||
| *ɢʷʲ | *ɣ~*ɣʷ | ʁʲ | *ʁʷ | |||
| *qʼʷʲ | *ʕʷ/*ɥˤ (*qʼʷ ?) | qʼʲ | *ʡʷ | |||
| *χʷʲ | *ħ~*ħʷ | χʲ | *χʷ | |||
| *ʁʷʲ | *ʕ~*ʕʷ/*ɥˤ | ʁʲ | *ʁʷ | |||
| *qːˤ | *ʕ | – | *qː | |||
| *qʼˤ | *ħ ? | qʼˤ | *qː | |||
| *χˤ | χˤ | *χ | ||||
| *ʁˤ | *ʕ | ʁˤ | *ʁ | |||
| *qˤʲ | *q | q(ˤ) | *ħ | |||
| *qːˤʲ | *ʡ | qʼ | *ʡ | |||
| *qʼˤʲ | *ħ | qʼ | *ʡ | |||
| *χˤʲ | *ħ | χ(ˤ) | *ħ | |||
| *ʁˤʲ | *ʕ | ʁ | *j | |||
| *qˤʷ | *ħʷ | χˤʷ | *qʷ- | |||
| *qːˤʷ | *ʕʷ/*ɥˤ | qˤ(ʷ) | *qːʷ | |||
| *qʼˤʷ | *qʷ~*qʼʷ | qʼˤʷ | *qːʷ | |||
| *χˤʷ | *ħʷ | χˤʷ | *χʷ | |||
| *ʁˤʷ | *ħʷ ? | ʁˤʷ | *ʁʷ | |||
| *qˤʷʲ | *qʷ | χʷ | *ħ | |||
| *qːˤʷʲ | *ʕʷ | qʼʷ | *ʡʷ | |||
| *qʼˤʷʲ | *ħʷ | qʼʷ | *ʡʷ | |||
| *ʁˤʷʲ | *ʕʷ/*ɥˤ | w | *w~*ʁʷ | |||